PM4Sand3D

Description

  • PM4Sand3D is a generalized version of the plane-strain PM4Sand2D model developed by Marie-Pierre Kippen, Ross W. Boulanger, and Katerina Ziotopoulou. Learn more on the PM4Sand homepage.
  • PM4Sand (2D or 3D) is a stress-ratio controlled, critical state-based, bounding surface plasticity model for sand (and other purely non-plastic granular soils) that has been implemented as a user-defined dynamic link library for use with the programs FLAC2D and FLAC3D by ITASCA.
  • The model was developed and implemented to approximate stress-strain responses of specific importance to geotechnical earthquake engineering and liquefaction problems.
  • A companion model, PM4Silt is not currently available in 3D, but is available in 2D (homepage).

Keywords

  • effective stress
  • liquefaction
  • plastic
  • pore pressure
  • seismic loading
  • 3D

References

Kippen, M.-P., Boulanger, R. W., and Ziotopoulou, K. (2026). “PM4Sand3D (Version 1): A sand plasticity model for earthquake engineering applications.” Report No. UCD/CGM-26/01, Center for Geotechnical Modeling, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, May, 144pp. (Kippen_Boulanger_Ziotopoulou_PM4Sand3D_v1.0_CGM-26-01.pdf)

PM4Sand3D

UDM Version: 1.0
Release Date: 21 Jun 2026

Category: Sand

Software: Download: User Guide: Contact: Developer:

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